Shook end



W. C. STRONG Sept. 26 1933.

SHOOK END File d March 18, 1951 Invenlor atenteol Sept. 26,1933

SHOCK END Winnie Curtis Strong, Klamath Falls, Greg.

Application March 18, 1931.

4 Claims.

This invention relates generally to shook ends used in constructingboxes and crates, and particularly to a new and novel method ofutilizing ordinarily waste lumber in the construction of an improvedshook which has the features of novelty and advantage set out in detailbelow.

It is well known in the industry that a standard citrus fruit box hasits ends constructed of a standard size of eleven and one half inches byeleven sixteenths of an inch thick, and that the usual method ofmanufacture is to cut down twelve inch lumber of one and a half inchthickness to eleven and one half inch width. The cut pieces are thenresawn in the center so as to make two identical shook ends, such shookends having the disadvantage that they present endgrain nailing surfacesor edges on two sides, which'are susceptible to and often do split.

A further disadvantage of such shook ends is that they readily warp. Afurther disadvantage of said shook ends is that they are comparativelyexpensive to manufacture in the manner referred to, since they requirefresh or special stock or lumber from which they are made. A furtherdisadvantage of such shook ends is in the manner of assembling them,where groove and tongue joints are employed, the manner of assemblingand its susceptibility to breakage of the joints being well known.

I have discovered and invented a new and improved shook end whichpresents side grain nailing edges on all four sides of the shook endsinstead of only on two, 'the improved shook ends having the furtheradvantage of being comparatively non-warpable, and having the furthergreat advantage of capability of, being constructed from waste lumber,and so constructed from such waste lumber or stock asto be very easilyand inexpensively and very solidly assembled.

Because of the structure of my invention, the constituent parts thereofmay also be used in the manufacture of a great many other types ofboxes, and an inferior grade of lumber, such as heavily knotted lumber,may be used for such parts of my improved shook end, thus promotingeconomy in manufacture and aiding in mass production as well as in thereduction of cost, besides providing a shook end having points ofsuperiority not approached by any structure now used for this purpose.

Accordingly it is an object of this invention to provide a new and novelshook end of the type described which is composed of a plurality of,pieces of lumber or stock arranged so as to present on all four sidesor edges, sides-grain nailing edges.

,It is also an object of this invention to so arrange..the componentparts of the new and novel Serial No. 523,636

preventing and resisting warping of the shook ends.

It is also an object of this invention to facilitate the economicalmanufacture of my improved shook end by providing that they may beconstructed of waste cuttings and in such a manner that partsconstructed for use in the structure of my improved shook end may beused in a great many other types of boxes and in the manufacturethereof.

It is also an object of this invention. to provide a shook end of thetype described which because of its construction, permits the use ofinferior grades of stock, such as heavily and largely knotted pieces insaid portions thereof, which inferior grades of lumber or stock wouldotherwise be wasted, thus reducing the cost of the shook end andefiecting a further economy in the use of lumber.

end with an improved and novel tongue and groove arrangement, wherebythe assembling and gluing of the parts is greatly facilitated, and thetenacity of the joints as well as the rigidity thereof is secured in thehighest degree, preventing breaking off and separation of the parts atthe grooved joints.

These and other objects in the invention, its nature and its compositionand arrangement and combination of parts will be readily understood byany one acquainted with the art to which this invention relates uponconsulting the following descriptions of the drawing in which:

Figure 1 is a general perspective view of a block constructed accordingto the principles of my invention, before sawing to provide a pair ofshook ends.

Figure 2 is an end perspective view of a shock end and Figure 3 is aperspective view showing in detail the structure and arrangement of thetongue and groove between parts of the block illustrated in Figure 1.

Referring in detail to the drawing the numeral 5 generally designates ablock constructed of an end piece 6, another end piece 7 and a pair orplurality of central pieces 8 and 9. The end piece 6 may be narrowerthan the end piece '7 in any proportion found desirable, according tothe stock available and result desired. Of course it is provided thatthe central pieces 8 and 9 will be of such width as to give the block 5the proper dimension when the end pieces 6 and '7 are assembled to thecentral pieces 8 and 9. It will be observed that the grain in the pieces6 and '7 run longitudinally thereof, whereas the grain in the centralpieces run transversely thereof, thus presenting at 10, 11, 12 and13-side grain-nailing edges. of course the end pieces'6 and 7 should befairly clear lumber, but it will be obvious that the central pieces 8and 9 may easily be of heavily knotted or imperfect lumher, since theydo not expose end grain nailing edges, which are split frequently uponreceiving nails therein. It is obvious the central pieces presents theside grain nailing surfaces 12 and 13. The inner edges of the end pieces6 and 7 are provided with tongues 14 which are of a peculiar shape notknown or applied previously in the art and to the use assigned herein.

The tongues 14 are V-shaped and provided with fiat apexes as seen in thedrawing. For receiving the tongues 14, the central pieces 8 and 9 havetheir end grain edges machined into grooves 15. The operation ofmachining the grooves 15 prevents under normal conditions the splittingof the edges of the central pieces. The tongues 14 are pressed into thegrooves 15 by any suitable machinery, having first been coated withglue. The squeezing together of the component parts of the block 5 isvery much facilitated by the shape of the tongues and grooves and thisformation makes fora much better glue joint, since the surplus glue ispressed into the gullet of the grooves, which are made large enough toaccommodate such surplus glue.

It will be observed that the width of the tongues at their bases is muchlarger than that provided by other types of tongues. The grooves 15being on the end grain of the central pieces, prevent splitting off ofthe sides of the grooves 15. The width of the bases of the partitions ofthe grooves 15 are also of greater width than the ordnary type provides,thus adding strength to the construction. It has already been observedthat the block is not susceptible of warping under normal conditions,due to the opposition of the run of the grain in the various componentparts thereof.

When the end pieces 6 and 7 and the central pieces 8 and 9, which lattermay be of one piece, or of a greater plurality of pieces than the twopieces shown in the drawing has been pressed together and properlymachined, they are then sawed on the line indicated at 16 in Figure 1,so that a pair of shook ends is provided each of which is of the formillustrated in Figure 2. 1

If desired, the end pieces 6 may be of different widths, but equallength, it being economical to provide that all of the pieces 6 be ofthe same width and all of the pieces 7 of a different width from thepieces 6 but all of the pieces '7 of equal width, and the length of thepieces 8 is such that the widths of the pieces 6 and 7 plus the pieces 8and 9 will constitute the proper standard dimension in size for. theblock. After the block is assembled and glued together, it is dresseddown to the proper size, and sawn in the center of the line 16 asalready described.

It will be obvious to those acquainted with the art that the short endpieces of the central portion composed in the embodiment illustrated inthe drawing by the central pieces 8 and 9, can be very extensively usedin the manufacture of other types of boxes and parts thereof and asstated the central pieces may be of inferior lumber, since they areencased by clear lumber so as to provide the side, grain nailing edges,thus effecting a very considerable economy and providing for autilization of otherwise waste material.

It is to be definitely understood that I do not desire to limit theapplication of this invention to the particular modification set outherein to illustrate the principles thereof, and any change or changesmay be made in material and structure and arrangement of partsconsistent with the spirit and scope of the invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new is:

1. A shook end comprising a pair of narrow elongated end pieces of woodwith relatively short lengths of wood therebetween, constituting acentral piece, said end pieces having the grain running longitudinallythereof and the short lengths constituting the central piece having thegrain running transversely thereof, said end pieces being of relativelyclear and sound material, and said central piece being composed of twoor more sections of knotted and unsound waste material, said piecesbeing tongue and groove connected and glued, said sections of materialbeing of different lengths.

2. In a shook end composed partly of sound and partly of unsound wastematerial, a pair of longitudinally grained relatively wide elongatedflat plate of sound wood, a tongue projecting from one longitudinal edgeof the plates, a relatively narrow elongated plate of unsound crossgrained wood having a groove on either longitudinal edge receiving thetongue of the plates, said relatively narrow elongated plate comprisinga plurality of sections of approximately equal transverse dimension, butdifferent widths.

3. A method of making a pair of shook ends comprising providing a pairof relatively elongated blocks of wood having longitudinal grain,forming a pair of tongues on one longitudinal edge-grained edge of eachof the blocks, making an intermediate portion having the grain runningtransversely with respect to the blocks by assembling in side-by-sidemanner a plurality of relatively short unsound pieces of wood havinglongitudinally running grain, then forming a pair of grooves in eachlongitudinal end-grained edge of said intermediate portion for receivingthe tongues on the pair of blocks, assembling the blocks and piecestogetherwith the tongues and grooves engaged, then gluing the tongues inthe grooves, and cutting the resultant body longitudinally and centrallyto produce a pair of similar shook ends, said tongues tapering diverg-125 ently toward their base, the base being almost as wide as the edgeof the shook.

4. In a shook end composed partly of sound and partly of unsound wastematerial, a pair of longitudinally grainedrelatively wide elongated oneither longitudinal end-grained edge receiving the tongue of the plates,said relatively narrow elongated plate comprising a plurality ofsections of approximately equal transverse dimension, but differentlengths, the bases of the tongues being almost as wide as the plates are149 relatively large mutually supporting surfaces without undulyweakening the edges in which they are located, and the tongues beingglued in the grooves.

WIIINIE CURTIS STRONG.

